What is Radon? Guide to Radon and Radon Test

You may have heard the word “radon” before, especially if you’re buying or selling a home. But what exactly is radon, and why is it important to test for it? In this guide, we’ll explain what radon is, how it can affect your health, how radon testing works, and what radon mitigation means. Whether you're a homeowner, a buyer, or just curious, this simple guide will help you understand the basics.

What is Radon?

Radon is a colorless, tasteless, and odorless gas. You can't see it, smell it, or taste it — but it can still be dangerous. Radon forms naturally when radioactive elements like uranium break down in soil, rock, and water. This gas can rise up from the ground and enter your home through cracks in the foundation, walls, or floors.

Radon can be found in many places, and any home can have it, no matter where it is. Some areas may have higher levels than others, but it's important for every homeowner to be aware of the risk.

Why is Radon Dangerous?

The biggest concern about radon is that it can cause health problems. When you breathe in radon gas, tiny radioactive particles can get trapped in your lungs. Over time, this can damage lung tissue and lead to lung cancer. In fact, radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer in the U.S., after smoking.

According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), about 21,000 people die from radon-related lung cancer each year. That’s why it’s so important to take radon seriously and get your home tested.

How Does Radon Get Into Your Home?

Radon comes from the soil underneath your house. It can enter your home through:

• Cracks in the foundation
  
  
• Gaps around pipes
  
  
• Crawl spaces
  
  
• Sump pumps
  
  
• Construction joints
  
  

Once radon enters your home, it can get trapped inside and build up to unsafe levels. Any home can have a radon problem — old or new, with or without a basement.

Even if your neighbor’s home has low radon levels, your home could still have high levels. That’s why radon testing is the only way to know for sure.

What is a Radon Test?

A radon test checks the level of radon gas in your home’s air. There are two main types of radon tests: short-term and long-term.

Short-Term Radon Test

A short-term test usually lasts between 2 to 7 days. These tests are great if you need fast results, such as during a real estate transaction. The test device is placed in the lowest level of your home that is regularly used — like a basement or first floor.

After the test period ends, the device is sent to a lab for analysis. The results will tell you the average radon level during the testing period.

Long-Term Radon Test

A long-term test lasts for more than 90 days and gives a better picture of your home’s year-round average radon level. If you’re not in a rush, this type of test is more accurate.

Both tests are useful, but if your short-term test shows high levels, a long-term test is a good next step.

What Are Safe Radon Levels?

Radon is measured in picocuries per liter (pCi/L). According to the EPA:

• Below 2 pCi/L: Very low risk, but lower is always better.
  
  
• 2 to 4 pCi/L: Consider reducing levels.
  
  
• Above 4 pCi/L: Action is strongly recommended.
  
  

If your home has 4 pCi/L or higher, the EPA recommends radon mitigation to lower the levels.

What is Radon Mitigation?

Radon mitigation is the process of reducing radon levels in your home. The most common method is a sub-slab depressurization system. This system uses a pipe and fan to pull radon gas from under the home and vent it outside, before it can enter your living space.

Other radon mitigation techniques include:

• Sealing cracks in the foundation
  
  
• Improving ventilation
  
  
• Installing a radon sump system
  
  

A professional radon mitigation contractor can help you choose the best solution for your home.

When Should You Get a Radon Test?

It’s a good idea to test for radon in the following situations:

• When buying or selling a home: Many real estate deals include a radon test.
  
  
• Every 2 years: Even if you already tested, radon levels can change over time.
  
  
• After renovations: Adding rooms, finishing basements, or changing the ventilation system can affect radon levels.
  
  
• If your neighbor found high radon: Your home could also be affected.
  
  

Radon testing is simple and affordable, and it gives you peace of mind.

Can You Test for Radon Yourself?

Yes, you can use a DIY radon test kit, which you can buy online or at a hardware store. These kits come with instructions and are easy to use.

However, for the most accurate results, especially if you're buying or selling a home, it’s better to hire a professional radon testing company. Pros use advanced equipment and can explain the results to you.

Why Choose Professional Radon Testing?

While DIY kits are helpful, professional radon testing offers several benefits:

• Accurate results with high-end equipment
  
  
• Certified technicians who follow strict guidelines
  
  
• Fast turnaround on lab results
  
  
• Detailed reports you can use for home sales or inspections
  
  
• Peace of mind knowing you’ve done it right
  
  

At Protec Inspections, we specialize in accurate radon testing and offer expert guidance on next steps if high levels are found.

Final Thoughts

Radon is a hidden danger that could be in any home — even if it looks clean and safe. Since you can’t see or smell it, the only way to know your risk is through radon testing. If high levels are found, radon mitigation systems can fix the problem and keep your family safe.

Testing for radon is easy, affordable, and one of the smartest things you can do for your health and your home.

Schedule your professional radon test with Protec Inspections today and protect your home from hidden dangers.